KAS - Overview of Topics - Kerala Administrative Service Examination Topics

KERALA PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION HISTORY TOPIC CONTENTS

THE EARLY CIVILISATION OF KERALA                                                         
Culture, heritage, empire and elements of Kerala culture, Kerala as of today, Industries, changing industrial scenario, industrial policy and factors influencing the industrial growth, dependent entrepreneurship in kerala's industrial sector, rural industrialisation in Kerala

KERALA’S PHYSIOGRAPHICAL FEATURES AND EARLY HISTORY OF THE REGION                                                                                                         
Geographical features, biodiversity, rivers, mountains, passes, sea coast, monsoon, historical evidences of early ages, megalithic sites, Sangam literature, Pathittupathu, Akananuru, Purananuru, Kerala’s maritime contacts, Pattanams (Trade centres)

POLITY AND SOCIETY IN THE PERUMAL ERA                                             
Sources, inscriptions, Tharisapalli copper plate, Literature, Tamilakam, Tamil Bhakti literature, Arab and Chinese accounts, monuments, Thiruvanchi Kulam temple, Cheraman Masjid, Nature of aryanisation, date of migration, the routes, basic features and impact of aryanisation

PERUMALS OF MAHODAYAPURAM                                                               
Features of administration, trade guilds and land grants

BHAKTI SAINTS AND MOVEMENT                                                                  
Azhwars and Nayanars, proliferation of temples, ritualistic functions, Devadasi system, Bharatnatyam, Sankaracharya

DISINTEGRATION OF PERUMAL KINGDOM                                                 
Age of Naduvazhikals, formation of Nadus and Swarupams, Venad, expansion of agriculture, emergence of village communities , Sanketham, Charitam, Lilatilakam, Chinese and Arab trade, Medieval angadies

ADVENT OF EUROPEANS                                                                                 
Situation of Kerala at the time of Portuguese arrival, Zamorin, Kunhali Marakkar, The Dutch, Dutch supremacy on the Kerala coast, Hortus Malabaricus, Martanda Varma, The French, Anglo- French conflict, Revolt of Anjengo, Treaty of Travancore (1723) English in Malabar, British occupation of Malabar and their administrative settlement in Malabar, Mysorean interlude and political condition of Malabar, Haider Ali’s conquest and effects, Tippu’s conquest and the impact of mysorean occupation, Subsidiary alliance, Thunchathu Ezhuthachan, Kilippattu, Kunchan Nambiar- Thullal, Poonthanam-Jnanappana

EARLY RESISTANCE AGAINST BRITISH AND CONSOLIDATION OF POWER BY THE BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY                                       
The Anjengo and the British- The Attingal outbreak (1695-1721), Results of the Anjengo  revolt, Pazhassi revolt (1793-97), relations of Pazhassi with East India company, The first Pazhassi revolt (1793-1797), Pazhassi revolt II (1800-1805) and Martyrdom of Pazhassi raja, Revolt of Veluthampi Dalawa, Kurichia revolt-1812 and Agrarian unrest of 19th century in Malabar, British reactions towards the riots, Colonel Munroe as resident diwan in Travancore and Cochin, Reforms of H. V. Conolly in Malabar, Canolly canal, Plantation of teak trees in Nilambur, end of canolly

SOCIO RELIGIOUS MOVEMENTS AND REFORMS IN KERALA SOCIETY
Printing press and education-the role of missionaries, education, Social reform movements Reformers of Kerala- Sree Narayan Guru, Aruvippuram Prathishta, SNDP movement, Educational institutions, Kumaranasan, Chattampiswamikal-Vedadhikara Niroopanan, Ayyankali, Sadhujana Paripalana Sangham (SJPS), Pandit Karuppan- Jathikkummi, Valamahasabha, Vagbhatananda (1885-1939), Poykayil Yohannan, Parathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha, Makthi Thangal (1847-1912), Vakkom Abdul Khadar Maulavi (1873-1932),  V.T Bhattathirippad (1896-1982)-Adukkalayil Ninnum Aragathekku, Chavara Achan-Educational Institutions,  Establishment of Sanskrit school, Harijan school, Parish-school pairing, women reformers, Parvathi Nenminimangalam, Arya Pallam, Kallumala Samaram, P K Varier and the rejuvenation of ayurvedic traditions in Kerala, Memorials -Malayalai Memorial, G.P Pillai (1863-1902), C V Raman Pillai (1958-1922), Ezhava Memorial-Dr. Palpu, O. Chandu Menon and K P Padmanabha Menon- Marumakkathayam report

EARLY POLITICAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN KERALA                   
Early Leaders of Indian National Congress from Kerala, K. Madhavan Nair, K.P. Kesava Menon, George Joseph (5 June 1887 - 5 March 1938), K. Kelappan, A.V. Kuttimalu Amma, Muhammad Abdur Rahiman, C. Kesavan (1891-1969), T.M. Varghese, E.Ikkanda Varrier, S. Neelakanta Iyer

POLITICAL CONFERENCES-OTTAPPALAM, MANJERI, PALAKKAD AND VADAKARA                                                                                                  
Khilafat-Malabar rebellion, Malabar rebellion of 1921, The ‘Wagon tragedy’, nature of the rebellion, Vaikkom sathyagraha, non co-operation movement-salt sathyagraha, Guruvayur sathyagraha, temple entry proclamation, temple entry in cochin and Malabar, Quit India movement-Keezhariyur bomb case, Aikya kerala movement, role of K P Kesava menon and K Kelappan, Tiru Kochi merger

AIKYA KERALA MOVEMENT                                                                            
Sir C.P.Ramaswami Aiyar’s American model and Punnapra Vayalar struggle, Punnapra Vayalar uprising of 1946, Kerala in 1947, General elections 1952, Formation of Kerala as a linguistic state

POLITICAL EXPERIENCE OF CONTEMPORARY KERALA                         
Political experiences, first elections, Agrarian reforms, Liberation struggle" (Vimochana Samaram), the controversial legislation, Coalition politics in Kerala, Emergency and Kerala experiences, economy, addressing land issues/ agriculture, Agrarian migration of peasants from Travancore to Malabar, Kerala model of development- advantages and disadvantages, Development model and discontents

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